See trouthe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
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"templates": [
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"2": "truth",
"3": "troth"
},
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"text": "English: truth, troth"
},
{
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"templates": [
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},
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"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English trēowþ, trīewþ, from Proto-West Germanic *triuwiþu, from Proto-Germanic *triwwiþō; equivalent to trewe + -the (abstract nominal suffix).\nThe final vowel is generalised from Old English oblique cases, while forms in /iu̯/ reflect the influence of trewe; the usual vocalism in /ɛu̯/, /ɔu̯/ is due to shortening before the consonant cluster /wθ/ in late Old English.",
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"expansion": "trouthe (uncountable)",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"loyalty (to a cause)"
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-YD2UEwc0",
"links": [
[
"loyalty",
"loyalty"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"honesty, honor, troth"
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-SK8KGkUU",
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[
"honesty",
"honesty"
],
[
"honor",
"honor"
],
[
"troth",
"troth"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"goodness, kindness, integrity"
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-TtmK5DQb",
"links": [
[
"goodness",
"goodness"
],
[
"kindness",
"kindness"
],
[
"integrity",
"integrity"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"truth, reality (especially absolute)"
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-vBgqlX0p",
"links": [
[
"truth",
"truth"
],
[
"reality",
"reality"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 5 1 51 28 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 5 2 41 26 9 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 1 53 30 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 1 58 31 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"religion, belief system"
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-~0w5S-n6",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"righteousness, justness; being right in one's cause"
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-thYrA5xN",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Each in the other his troth lay / For to be sworn brothers, till they died / And with the word they rode forth on their way / … / Now by my troth brother dear, said he / As I shall tell you a faithful tale …",
"ref": "1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Freres Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xliii, verso:",
"text": "Euerich in other his trouthe laythe / For to be ſworne brethern, til they dey / And with yͤ worde they riden forth her wey / [...] / Nowe by my trouth brother dere ſayd he / As I ſhal tellen the a faithful tale [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"troth: a pledge, contract, promise or oath"
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-Wv97I6fi",
"links": [
[
"troth",
"troth"
],
[
"pledge",
"pledge#Noun"
],
[
"promise",
"promise#Noun"
],
[
"oath",
"oath"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fact or truth."
],
"id": "en-trouthe-enm-noun-EOMBgD5~",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɔu̯ð(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɛu̯ð(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtriu̯ð(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-θ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrøwðə/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trawthe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "treowthe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "treuthe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "treuþe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trewthe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trowthe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trowþe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "truthe"
}
],
"word": "trouthe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
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"expansion": "English: truth, troth",
"name": "desc"
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],
"text": "English: truth, troth"
},
{
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"templates": [
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"3": "trewth"
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"name": "desc"
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"text": "Scots: trowth, trewth"
}
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"4": "",
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},
"expansion": "Old English trēowþ",
"name": "inh"
},
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"id2": "abstract nominal",
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},
"expansion": "trewe + -the (abstract nominal suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English trēowþ, trīewþ, from Proto-West Germanic *triuwiþu, from Proto-Germanic *triwwiþō; equivalent to trewe + -the (abstract nominal suffix).\nThe final vowel is generalised from Old English oblique cases, while forms in /iu̯/ reflect the influence of trewe; the usual vocalism in /ɛu̯/, /ɔu̯/ is due to shortening before the consonant cluster /wθ/ in late Old English.",
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},
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},
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"loyalty (to a cause)"
],
"links": [
[
"loyalty",
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]
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"kindness",
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"integrity",
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]
},
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"glosses": [
"truth, reality (especially absolute)"
],
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"truth",
"truth"
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"reality",
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"religion, belief system"
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"religion",
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],
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},
{
"glosses": [
"righteousness, justness; being right in one's cause"
],
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},
{
"categories": [
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],
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{
"english": "Each in the other his troth lay / For to be sworn brothers, till they died / And with the word they rode forth on their way / … / Now by my troth brother dear, said he / As I shall tell you a faithful tale …",
"ref": "1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Freres Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xliii, verso:",
"text": "Euerich in other his trouthe laythe / For to be ſworne brethern, til they dey / And with yͤ worde they riden forth her wey / [...] / Nowe by my trouth brother dere ſayd he / As I ſhal tellen the a faithful tale [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"troth: a pledge, contract, promise or oath"
],
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[
"troth",
"troth"
],
[
"pledge",
"pledge#Noun"
],
[
"promise",
"promise#Noun"
],
[
"oath",
"oath"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fact or truth."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɔu̯ð(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrɛu̯ð(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtriu̯ð(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-θ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrøwðə/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trawthe"
},
{
"word": "treowthe"
},
{
"word": "treuthe"
},
{
"word": "treuþe"
},
{
"word": "trewthe"
},
{
"word": "trowthe"
},
{
"word": "trowþe"
},
{
"word": "truthe"
}
],
"word": "trouthe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trouthe meaning in Middle English (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.